Optical coherence tomography-angiography in the multimodal imaging of age-related macular degeneration - a review

Макулната дегенерация, свързана с възрастта е водеща причина за необратима загуба на зрителната функция при хора над 65 години в развитите страни. Заболеваемостта ѝ се очаква да се увеличи с около 50% до 2020 г. предвид удължената продължителност на живот и увеличение на застаряващото население в световен мащаб. Загубата на централното зрение при късните форми на болестта - географска атрофия и хориоидална неоваскуларизация, представлява сериозен социален и икономически проблем. Това изисква редовен скрининг, ранно диагностициране и своевременно лечение на заболяването. Ангио-оптичната кохерентна томография e сравнително нов диагностичен метод. Базирайки се на своята неинвазивност, методът е все по-разпространен при макулната дегенерация, свързана с възрастта.Age-related macular degeneration is the leading cause of irreversible visual function loss in individuals from developed countries over the age of 65 years. The global prevalence of age-related macular degeneration is expected to increase by 50% in 2020 due to increased life expectancy and aging population worldwide. The central vision loss in the late stage of the disease - geographic atrophy and choroidal neovascularization is a serious social and economic problem. It requires regular screening, early diagnosis, and timely treatment. Оptical coherence tomography-angiography is a relatively new diagnostic method. Based on its noninvasiveness it is widely used in age-related macular degeneration

Normal Reference Ranges of Optical Coherence Tomography Parameters in Children

Aim: To measure the macular thickness, macular volume and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in healthy Caucasian chil­dren using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) and analyze the correlation of these values with age, refraction, and biometric measurements.Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 270 healthy children (150 female and 120 male) aged 6 to 17 years with no ocular abnormalities. All children underwent a detailed eye examination. The measurements were obtained using a SDOCT device (SOCT Copernicus REVO). Main outcome measures were macular thickness, macular volume and RNFL thickness. Their correlations with age, refractive error, anterior chamber depth (ACD) and axial length (AL) was analyzed. Right eyes of all subjects were selected for analysis.Results: In this study group (mean age 10.70±2.82 years), the average peripapillary RNFL thickness was 117.11±9.15 μm, the central macular thickness was 232.10±15.81 μm, the average macular thickness was 286.70±9.82 μm, and the average macular volume was 8.01±0.28 mm³. The average values for the biometric data were: axial length – 23.16±0.94 mm, anterior chamber depth – 3.64±0.26 mm, the spherical equivalent (SE) value – +0.81±0.58 diopter. Central macular thickness, inner macular thickness (superior, inferior, nasal, temporal quadrants) values, total macular thickness and macular volume were significantly higher in males than in females. We found a positive correlation between central macular thickness, inner nasal macular thickness, outer inferior macular thickness values, and age. Also, we found a significant correlation between the average macular thickness values and the average macular volume values (p<0.0001). RNFL measurements did not correlate with age (p=0.199). Almost all macular parameters were consistently positively cor­related with SE. A significant correlation was also found between the central macular thickness, inner inferior macular thickness, inner nasal macular thickness and the ACD. We found a significant correlation between the average macular thickness, macular volume, inner superior macular thickness, outer macular thickness (superior, inferior, nasal, temporal quadrants) values and the AL.Conclusion: This study found normal reference ranges for RNFL and macular parameters measured by SOCT Copernicus REVO in healthy Caucasian children aged 6-17 years. This normative values could be very useful in early diagnosing and monitoring of optic neuropathy, glaucoma and macular diseases in childhood

The 5-minute Apgar Score as a Prognostic Factor for Development and Progression of Retinopathy of Prematurity

Background: A low Apgar score at 5 minutes has been shown to be a risk factor for development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)

Abstracts Of The Proceedings And The Posters From The Third Scientific Session Of The Medical College Of Varna

October 2-3, 201